NJ Life Insurance Consumer Choices
 
		NJ Life Insurance
Purchasing NJ Life Insurance
Choosing a life insurance product is an important decision, 
			but it can be complicated. As with any major purchase, it is important 
			that you understand your family's needs and the options open to you 
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Life Insurance Basics
 Life insurance is the foundation of a sound financial 
			plan. It provides financial security for your family by protecting your 
			financial resources, such as your present and future income, against 
			the uncertainties of life.
			
			Choosing the Amount Simply stated, you should elect an amount of life 
			insurance that is determined necessary to meet the needs you are trying 
			to satisfy. To be over insured can negatively affect your budget and 
			long range financial goals almost to the degree that being underinsured 
			can. While each person must individually assess their responsibilities, 
			life situation and comfort for risk, it is important to be careful to 
			choose an amount of life insurance that reflects your specific circumstances 
			without underinsuring or over insuring.
			
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NJ Life Insurance Important Facts
Life insurance is a contract between the policy owner and 
			the insurer, where the insurer agrees to pay a sum of money upon the 
			occurrence of the insured's death. In return, the policyowner (or policy 
			payor) agrees to pay a stipulated amount called a premium at regular 
			intervals. 
			As with most insurance polices, life assurance is a contract between 
			the insurer and the policy owner (policyholder) whereby a benefit is 
			paid to the designated Beneficiary (or Beneficiaries) if an insured 
			event occurs which is covered by the policy. To be a life policy the 
			insured event must be based upon life (or lives) of the people name 
			in the policy. 
			
			Life policies are typically presented as types legal contracts and the 
			terms of the contract describe the limitations of the insured events. 
			Specific exclusions are often written into the contract to limit the 
			liability of the insurer; for example claims relating to war, riot and 
			civil commotion. 
			
			Temporary or Term life insurance provides for life insurance 
			coverage for a specified term of years for a specified premium. The 
			policy does not accumulate cash value. Term is generally considered 
			"pure" insurance, where the premium buys protection in the event of 
			death and nothing else. The three key factors to be considered in term 
			insurance are: face amount (protection or death benefit), premium to 
			be paid (cost to the insured), and length of coverage (term). 
			Various NJ insurance companies sell term insurance with many different 
			combinations of these three parameters. The face amount can remain constant 
			or decline. The term can be for one or more years. The premium can remain 
			level or increase. A common type of term is called annual renewable 
			term. It is a one year policy but the insurance company guarantees it 
			will issue a policy of equal or lesser amount without regard to the 
			insurability of the insured and with a premium set for the insured's 
			age at that time. Another common type of term insurance is mortgage 
			insurance, which is usually a level premium, declining face value policy. 
			The face amount is intended to equal the amount of the mortgage on the 
			policy owner’s residence so the mortgage will be paid if the insured 
			dies. 
			Guaranteed renewability is an important policy feature for any prospective 
			owner or insured to consider because it allows the insured to acquire 
			life insurance even if they become uninsurable. Term life insurance 
			is a straightforward protection business. A policy holder insures his 
			or her life for a specified term. If he or she dies before that specified 
			term is up, the estate or named beneficiary (ies) receive (s) a payout. 
			If he or she does not die before the term is up, nothing is paid out 
			an the contract ends. 
			
			Policies typically contain exclusions for where a policy holder has 
			a pre-existing condition of which he later dies. In the past these policies 
			would almost always exclude suicide. However, after a number of court 
			judgments against the industry, payouts do occur on death by suicide 
			(presumably except for in the unlikely case that it can be shown that 
			the suicide was just to benefit from the policy). 
			
			Permanent life insurance is life insurance that remains in force 
			until the policy matures (pays out), unless the owner fails to pay the 
			premium when due (the policy expires). The policy cannot be cancelled 
			by the insurer for any reason except fraud in the application, and that 
			cancellation must occur within a period of time defined by law (usually 
			two years). Permanent insurance builds a cash value that reduces the 
			amount at risk to the insurance company and thus the insurance expense 
			over time. This means that a policy with a million dollars face value 
			can be relatively inexpensive to a 70 year old because the actual amount 
			of insurance purchased is much less than one million dollars. The owner 
			can access the money in the cash value by withdrawing money, borrowing 
			the cash value, or surrendering the policy and receiving the surrender 
			value. 
			The three basic types of permanent insurance are whole life, universal 
			life, and endowment. 
			
			
			Whole life insurance provides for a level premium, and a cash 
			value table included in the policy guaranteed by the company. The primary 
			advantages of whole life are guaranteed death benefits, guaranteed cash 
			values, fixed and known annual premiums, and mortality and expense charges 
			will not reduce the cash value shown in the policy. The primary disadvantages 
			of whole life are premium inflexibility, and the internal rate of return 
			in the policy may not be competitive with other savings alternatives. 
			Riders are available that can allow one to increase the death benefit 
			by paying additional premium. The death benefit can also be increased 
			through the use of policy dividends. Premiums are much higher than term 
			insurance in the short-term, but cumulative premiums are roughly equal 
			if policies are kept in force until average life expectancy. 
			Cash value can be accessed at any time through policy "loans". Since 
			these loans decrease the death benefit if not paid back, payback is 
			optional. Cash values are not paid to the beneficiary upon the death 
			of the insured; the beneficiary receives the death benefit only. In 
			many policies, however, the cash value has been automatically used to 
			purchase additional death benefit, meaning that the beneficiary is likely 
			to receive more than base death benefit plus cash value. 
			
			Universal life insurance (UL) is a relatively new insurance product 
			intended to provide permanent insurance coverage with greater flexibility 
			in premium payment and the potential for a higher internal rate of return. 
			A universal life policy includes a cash account. Premiums increase the 
			cash account. Interest is paid within the policy (credited) on the account 
			at a rate specified by the company. This rate has a guaranteed minimum 
			but usually is higher than that minimum. Mortality charges and administrative 
			costs are charged against (reduce) the cash account. The surrender value 
			of the policy is the amount remaining in the cash account less applicable 
			surrender charges, if any. With all life insurance, there are basically 
			two functions that make it work. There's a mortality function and a 
			cash function. The mortality function would be the classical notion 
			of pooling risk where the premiums paid by everybody else would cover 
			the death benefit for the one or two who will die for a given period 
			of time. The cash function inherent in all life insurance says that 
			if a person is to reach age 95 to 100 (the age varies depending on state 
			and company), then the policy matures and endows the face value of the 
			policy. Actuarially, it is reasoned that out of a group of 1000 people, 
			if even 10 of them live to age 95, then the mortality function alone 
			will not be able to cover the cash function. So in order to cover the 
			cash function, a minimum rate of investment return on the premiums will 
			be required in the event that a policy matures.
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			Finding a Good Policy 
			Guarantees
			When shopping for a life insurance policy, you determine the guarantees 
			on premiums, death benefits, expenses, cash value, mortality changes, 
			and cost of insurance. It is critical to get all promised guarantees 
			in writing.
			
			
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